Medina of Fes
Founded in the 9th century, the Medina of Fes is the world's largest car-free urban area and home to the oldest continuously operating university on Earth, al-Qarawiyyin (859 CE). With over 9,000 labyrinthine alleyways, 300 mosques, and some of the finest examples of Marinid architecture anywhere, Fes represents the living heart of Moroccan civilization. The leather tanneries, dating back nearly a millennium, still operate using medieval techniques.
Why It Matters
Fes is an outstanding example of a medieval city that has preserved its urban fabric, buildings, and way of life virtually intact. It is a living museum of Islamic civilization and a beacon of traditional craftsmanship that has influenced art and architecture across North Africa and beyond.